In ancient Egypt, Anubis stood like an imposing figure, watching over the graves with serene, eternal majesty. This embalmer god, guardian of the mysteries of the dead, is of paramount importance in Egyptian mythology. This article takes you to the heart of his cult, reveals the funeral rituals that involved him and explains how embalming became a gateway to immortality under his divine protection.
Introduction
Anubis: God of the Embalmers
Origin and Mythology of Anubis
- History and genealogy of the god. Son of Nephthys and, according to some legends, of Osiris, Anubis is often depicted as a jackal-headed man or directly as a jackal-headed animal.
- Symbolism and iconographic representation ** The jackal's head symbolizes the connection with death, as these animals were often seen prowling near tombs.
The Cult of Anubis in Ancient Egypt
- **Temples and places of worship ** Although less numerous than those of other deities, temples to Anubis were essential in necropolis cities.
- The priests of Anubis, dressed in canine masks, officiated embalming ceremonies with great reverence.
- Festivals and celebrations in honor of Anubis ** The most important was the Siyeh festival, celebrating embalming rites.
The Practice of Embalming
Philosophy and Beliefs surrounding the Preservation of Bodies
Ancient Egyptians believed that preserving the body allowed the soul to endure into the afterlife.
Embalming Techniques
- Steps in embalming.
- Washing and purification of the body
- Extraction of internal organs
- Drying and treatment with Natron, resins and oils
- Wrapping in linen bands
- Materials and tools used. From embalming knives to canopic vases, each object was used during specific, sacred procedures.
Magic and Rituals Associated with Embalming
- **Formulas and incantations ** Prayers were recited to guide and protect the deceased.
- Scarabs and other talismans were placed with the body to ensure its eternal safety.
The Role of Anubis in Funeral Rituals
The Judgment of Souls
Anubis guided the dead to the Hall of Ma'at, where their hearts were weighed against the feather of truth.
Anubis and mummification
Anubis' preparation of the body He ensured that bodies were prepared according to the correct rites. * The presence of Anubis ensured safe passage to the afterlife.
Accompaniment to the Afterlife
Anubis was not only the protector of the dead, but also their guide to a glorious afterlife.
From Tombs to Museums: The Impact of Embalming and the Cult of Anubis
Today
Archaeological Discoveries and the Preservation of Mummies
Modern preservation techniques highlight the prowess of ancient Egyptians in the art of embalming.
Cultural Influence and the Perpetuation of the Anubis Figure
From the silver screen to comic books, Anubis still fascinates and inspires.
Anubis in Modern Art and Popular Culture
Whether work of art, fictional character or brand mascot, Anubis has an indelible imprint on contemporary culture.
Conclusion
The god Anubis and the sacred act of embalming are inextricably linked to the image of eternal Egypt. They speak of a time when death was not an end, but a new beginning, a transition to another world supervised by a benevolent jackal-headed god. By preserving the legacy of Anubis and these ancient practices, we are preserving an essential link in human history and cultural expression.
References
For fans of Egyptian history and mythology, a list of references is available to take you even deeper into the mystical world of Anubis and the fascinating practice of embalming in the Egypt of the Pharaohs.