Shinto, Japan's ancestral religion, is rooted in a profound respect for nature and cosmic harmony. At the heart of this belief system lie the essential concepts of kegare (impurity) and purity, which shape the spiritual practices and daily lives of its followers. This article aims to explore the history, meanings and manifestations of these notions, while analyzing their place in the modern world.

History and Origins of Shintoism

The beginnings of Shinto

From the earliest Japanese societies, Shinto established itself as the spiritual fabric linking people to their gods, the Kami. Without a founder or formal sacred texts, Shinto was based on an oral heritage and ritual practices rooted in everyday life.

Historical documentation and myths

The Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki , two 8th-century works, are among the first attempts to record the mythological history of Japan, and therefore , of Shinto.

The evolution of Shinto practice through the ages

From the Nara period to the Meiji era, up to the present day, Shinto has evolved, influenced by Buddhism, Confucianism and modernization, while preserving its rudiments.

Key definitions

Kegare

• Etymological origin and meaning Kegare derives from the notion of pollution or defilement, a state that disturbs balance and harmony with the Kami.

• Manifestations of kegare Illness, conflict and moral transgression are perceived as sources of kegare.

• Kegare in daily life The Japanese integrate actions aimed at warding off or limiting impurity into their routine, such as washing hands before entering a sacred place.

Purity (Harae)

• Philosophical basis Purity, or Harae, is the state sought to be in perfect communion with the Kami.

• Purification practices Ranging from simple ablutions to more complex rituals, these practices aim to restore harmony.

• Harae in ceremonies and festivals Every important event is preceded or accompanied by purification rituals to honor the Kami.

Practices related to Purity and Kegare

Purification Rituals

• Nature and types of rituals Shinto shrines are the scene of numerous rituals aimed at eliminating kegare and restoring purity.

• Examples of rituals in Shinto shrineso Purification with water, called Misogi , is a common practice, as is the wave of the purifying wand, the Harai-gushi.

Objects and Symbols of Purity

• Sacred objects and their meaning From mirrors to sacred ropes ( shimenawa ), these objects symbolize and transmit purity.

• _ Amulets and talismans (Omamori) These portable objects are charged with protecting the wearer and preserving personal purity.

The influence of purity and kegare in rites of passage

• Birth and childhood Shinto celebrates these stages of life while taking care to keep the environment spiritually clean.

• Marriage A purification ceremony usually precedes the nuptial rite to bless the union.

• Death and funerals Although death is often associated with kegare, Shinto funeral rites seek to honor the deceased and purify the participants.

Shinto in Modern Life

Kegare and Purity in contemporary society

Modern Japan continues to integrate aspects of Shinto into its cultural fabric, from business to ecological practices.

Shinto's challenges and adaptations to modern conditions

Rapid pace and technological innovations require Shinto to adapt to maintain its relevance.

Interaction with other religions and philosophies

Shinto coexists and interweaves with other belief systems, forming a religious web unique to Japan.

Perspectives Criticism

Academic criticism of the kegare concept

Some researchers question the interpretation and influence of kegare on society.

Comparisons with similar concepts in other religions

Notions of purity and impurity find echoes in other spiritual traditions around the world.

The social impact of notions of purity and impurity

Questions arise about the impact of these ideas on social interactions and stigmatizations.

Conclusion

• Synthesis of main ideas Exploring purity and impurity reveals the nuances of Shinto and its importance to Japanese culture.

• The importance of understanding kegare and purity to appreciate Shinto These notions are crucial to fully embracing Shinto traditions.

• Future prospects for Shinto traditions_ In the face of a changing world, Shinto continues to evolve while preserving its age-old rituals and beliefs.